8/17/2006

Freakonomics: A Rogue Economist Makes Sense

Review:

Freakonomics: A Rogue Economist Explores the Hidden Side of Everything by Steven D. Levitt with Stephen J. Dubner

First things first: this reviewer is not an economist, and I usually find such books can often be boring. Must admit that Freakonomics kept me up far too late over one weekend reading it through to the end. It was hard to put down.

Freakonomics Apple with Orange Inside - Photo Hosted at Buzznet

Another reader/reviewer emailed me, noting that Malcolm Gladwell had said that Steven Levitt "has the most interesting mind in America," and since I had found Gladwell’s Blink! hard to put down, I might find Freakonomics interesting. This was an understatement.

Then another friend loaned me a copy of the book, so I felt obligated to read it, so I had to get my own copy, for it’s worth a second read.

As noted above, the cover says it all. Freakonomics is not only humorous in places, it’s fascinating, an out of the ordinary way of looking at economics for those who normally don’t venture into what is often perceived as a boring subject. Like Gladwell’s writing, this reviewer found this book to be a springboard to other ideas.

The authors define economics as “the study of incentives” early in the first chapter, which is not exactly as I remember the conventional definition from college courses. But maybe analyzing how to motivate people to do or not do a particular things is a better way or looking at the reality of economics.

Freakonomics was co-written by the noted journalist Stephen Dubner (Confessions of a Hero-Worshiper, Choosing My Religion), and seems to have drawn as much criticism as it has received praise from reviewers and other commentators. The authors repeatedly state that there’s no consistent theme. Others have noted that it appears to be an assembly of magazine articles and columns, edited and put together in an appealing but not particularly interrelated manner.

But this reader found that it indeed does have a theme, and that theme is that established conventional wisdom is not always right. Things that we perceive to be related just might not be. Maybe there’s no connection at all, and maybe some are simply coincidence.

Liberals and conservatives in our society will find some of Levitt’s thoughts to be controversial. This reader found much of the book to fly in the face of “conventional wisdom,” and found that this is what made it so fascinating. For example, don’t miss Levitt’s discussion regarding abortion, for whether or not you agree with his viewpoint, it is thought provoking.

There are many other thought-provoking concepts that this reader found fascinating, such as the authors’ thoughts on how education and actual knowledge in our public school systems has been replaced by standardized testing preparation. This then leads to the encouragement of cheating just to get the statistics where those in charge of the systems need them to be. To comment further on this would be akin to plot spoiling. But don’t miss Levitt’s comments on the bizarre trends of naming babies, which this reviewer found to be hilarious in their absurdity.

“Morality describes the way that any of us would like the world to work. Economics describes the way the world actually does work. You can’t change the world you live in until you understand it.”
~ from Freakonomics

Some have disagreed with the authors. Others, including many academics, agreed with the authors' concepts. Orson Scott Card stated in WorldWatch (9/11/2005), "This book should be required reading before anybody is allowed to vote."

Some have commented that this book is more of a basic text on sociology more than economics, but this reader found that it’s all connected, and makes one want to look further. Levitt is a writer to watch, and he does let the numbers talk for him in an interesting if often offbeat fashion.

Criticisms? Initially had been happy to find this book to be comfortable 256 pages, but after finishing it, wished there had been more. It’s definitely not boring, and that can’t be said about many works related to economics. Might even be a good gift for someone, as almost anyone can read it and frequently have a good laugh.

I thoroughly enjoyed Freakonomics and heartily recommend it: a 5-star offering, without a doubt. Also recommended is the Freakonomics column that the authors have been writing for the The New York Times Magazine since June 2005, covering subjects from car seats to dog poop to tax cheating.

Update: This book has been out since April Freakonomics: A Rogue Economist Explores the Hidden Side of Everything by Steven D. Levitt with Stephen J. Dubner, available on Amazon.com - Photo hosted by Buzznetof 2005, so it's not new, and I had previously reviewed it on Amazon.com and other sites. So why review it again? It seems that Freakonomics has been adopted into many college and high-school curricula since it was published. It's now a recognized textbook for courses at Berkeley, Georgetown, the John Jay College of Criminal Justice, American University, Purdue, NYU and others. And now there are free study guides available here.

Further, if you already have the book and missed out on any book signings, the authors are now offering a free signed bookplate. It's a nicely designed sticker that can be placed inside your book, like one of those classic "ex libris" stickers. So if you would like your signed bookplate, just click to fill out the form on their site, and they'll even pay the postage.

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Incompetent Design

Intelligent Design? No, it's Incompetent Design!

Let's get right to the point: the whole intelligent design issue seems to have gotten a bit out of hand these days. It looks like these folks have found a way to express their ideas in song and with a good sense of humor.

Marching Song of the Incompetents,
( a.k.a The I.D. Song)
Lyrics by Don Wise,
sung to the tune of
"The Battle Hymn of the Republic"

My bones proclaim a story
of incompetent design.
My back still hurts, my sinus clogs,
my teeth just won’t align.
If I had drawn the blueprint,
I would cer-tain-ly resign.
Incompetent Design!

Evo-Evo-Evo-lution!
Design is but a mere illusion.
Darwin sparked our revolution.
Science SHALL prevail!

Don Wise is Professor Emeritus of Structural Geology at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst. He's been attempting to get the letters '' to stand for in the public mind. According to this article in , Dr. Wise handed out the lyrics at a Geological Society of America (GSA) meeting in October, 2005. By the end of the meeting, they had an audience of about 300 "singing that lustily" and in "at least four different keys and out of sync."

Hey, these guys are scientists, not vocal recording stars! They sound perfectly fine to me, out of tune or not, and contrary to a lot of popular music today, you can understand the lyrics, too.

And if you want your own personal copy of the video in WMV format, you can download it here.

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8/11/2006

I've got a bad feeling about this...

Terror Plot Uncovered in the UK

Terrorist - Photo Hosted at BuzznetWoke up Thursday morning to the news of an alleged terrorist plot to "commit mass murder on an unimaginable scale." British law enforcement authorities had arrested 24 suspects who had planned to explode 10 to 12 aircraft in mid-flight between Britain and America using liquid explosives.

The plot was said to be just days away. British authorities said that the plan bore all the hallmarks of an al-Qaeda plot.

The twenty four suspects are said to be British citizens, many of Pakistani origin. This was three more than the 21 announced earlier in the day. British security sources felt that all the main targets had been arrested.

Here in the U.S., Homeland Security Secretary Michael Chertoff raised the nation’s threat level to Severe, or Red, for commercial flights originating in the United Kingdom bound for the U.S. This adjustment reflects the Critical, or highest, alert level that has been implemented in the UK. He also raised the threat level to High, or Orange, for all commercial
aviation operating in or destined for the U.S. Chertoff called the plot "
comparable to 9/11."

Also implemented was a new series of security measures, prohibiting any liquids, including beverages, hair gels, and lotions from being carried on airplanes. British authorities have implemented similar measure due the potential dangers that could be caused with many simple household liquids.

The UK threat level remains critical, according to UK Home Secretary John Reid, who noted that the main suspects were in custody but it was right to "err on the side of caution." The British government also released the names of the suspects. The oldest person is 35, and the youngest is only 17.

Now ponder these facts, and see how you feel:

I for one can remember exactly where I was and what I was doing when 9/11 happened, and all these facts are just a bit too coincidental to make one rest easy. At the time of this writing, the current HSAS level in Pennsylvania, where I live, remains at yellow, though Governor Ed Rendell urged resident to be observant and "vigilant at all times." It can make the observer somewhat uneasy watching these events roll by like a parade before our eyes.

In the film Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope (1977), there was a classic line, a quote that I'll share here:

I've got a bad feeling about this.
~ Hans Solo (played by Harrison Ford)

My sentiments exactly, and I truly hope that I'm wrong. I was very close to the 9/11 relief efforts and to some of the people involved in the recovery (see the archived UCanHelp.com Website at the Library of Congress).

World Trade Center Video from September 11, 2001



Homeland Security Advisory

Resources, should you (hopefully never) need them:

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August 11, 2006

8/05/2006

Marilyn Monroe: A Diamond is Forever

This photo and others hosted at Buzznet

Marilyn Monroe was found dead in her home in Los Angeles on August 5, 1962, and thus a legend began.

She was discovered lying face down and nude on her bed. There was a telephone in her hand, and empty prescription pill bottles were all around the room. Dr. Thomas Noguchi conducted a preliminary autopsy, the results were analyzed, and Coroner Theodore Curphey determined that Marilyn died from an overdose of barbiturates. The Los Angeles police Department concluded that her death was "caused by a self-administered overdose of sedative drugs and that the mode of death is probable suicide."

Whether Marilyn committed suicide or not has been the source of great debate for 44 years and conspiracy buffs have had an endless field day with their speculations.

Marilyn Monroe was born Norma Jean Mortenson in Los Angeles on June 1, 1926. Her mother suffered from emotional problems, so a string of foster parents and in an orphanage brought up Norma Jean. At the age of 16 she married James Dougherty (1921–2005), an aircraft factory worker. He went to sea in the merchant marine, and she began work at the Radioplane Company. Asked to model for an article in Yank magazine, she soon quit her job to become a full-time model.

In 1946 she divorced Dougherty and went to Hollywood. She signed a short-term contract with 20th Century Fox, taking as her screen name Marilyn Monroe. She had a few bit parts and then returned to modeling, posing nude for a now-famous calendar in 1949.

Marilyn began to attract more attention in 1950 after her minor role appearances in The Asphalt Jungle and All About Eve. Audiences took note of the voluptuous blonde, and she soon won a new contract from Fox. Her acting career escalated in the early ‘50s with performances in Love Nest (1951), Monkey Business (1952), and Niagra (1953). She won international fame for her sex-symbol roles in Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (1953), How to Marry a Millionaire (1953), and There's No Business Like Show Business (1954).

She attracted further publicity when she married baseball legend Joe DiMaggio in 1954, but they divorced within a year. It is said, though, that DiMaggio was the great love in her life.

The Seven-Year ItchTom Ewell won a Golden Globe for his performance in The Seven Year Itch. (1955), in which she starred with Tom Ewell, demonstrated her talents for comedy roles, and featured the classic scene where she stands over a subway grating while her white skirt billowed up by the wind from a passing train. Directed by Billy Wilder, moviegoers loved it. She studied with Lee Strasberg at the Actors Studio in New York in 1955, resulting in a well-reviewed performance in Bus Stop (1956). Marilyn's third marriage was to playwright Arthur Miller in 1956. She made The Prince and the Showgirl in 1957 with Laurence Olivier, which was not a commercial success.

She rebounded in 1959 and gave an acclaimed performance in the hit comedy Some Like It Hot, starring with Tony Curtis and Jack Lemmon, and directed by Billy Wilder. Filmed in black & white, it has been acclaimed worldwide as one of the greatest movie comedies ever made, ranking first on the American Film Institute's list of the greatest comedies, as well as #14 on their list of the 100 best American films. The film won the Golden Globe for Best Comedy. Marilyn Monroe won the Golden Globe for Best Actress in Musical or Comedy, and Jack Lemmon won for Best Actor in Musical or Comedy.

This is the original movie trailer for Some Like It Hot:



Let's Make Love (1960) had Marilyn paired with Yves Montand. The final movie that she completed was The Misfits (1961), in which she shared star billing with Clark Gable, Montgomery Clift and Eli Wallach. It was directed by John Huston and written by Arthur Miller, whom she divorced just one week before the film's opening.

There was speculation that Marilyn was considering reconciliation with Joe DiMaggio. After being on a plane flight that experienced trouble, she sent DiMaggio a telegram on September 22, 1961 that stated, "When the plane was in trouble I thought about two things, you and changing my will. Love you, I think, more than ever."

Marilyn's first nude movie scene was filmed for Something's Got to Give, but her chronic absence from the set caused her to be fired a week after her 30th birthday on June 8, 1962. She was eventually re-hired, but the film was never completed. Video clips of her nude pool scene exist.

Acclaimed photographer Bert Stern had three sessions with Marilyn Monroe for Vogue magazine in late June 1962, just six weeks before her death.Photo Hosted at Buzznet - see the Bert Stern book here These sessions produced some beautiful and unique images of Marilyn, and they were later published in a book, Marilyn Monroe: The Complete Last Sitting. There is an excellent YouTube video of some of these images set to the tune from the Norma Jean & Marilyn movie.

Monroe was suffering from depression, and was under regular psychiatric care by 1961. During the last months of her life, she lived as a virtual recluse in her bungalow in the Brentwood area of Los Angeles. Her housekeeper, Eunice Murray, noticed Marilyn's bedroom light on after midnight on August 5, 1962. The door was locked and Marilyn didn’t respond to the housekeeper’s calls, so she called Marilyn’s psychiatrist, Dr. Ralph Greenson. He responded and accessed the room by breaking a window. He found Marilyn dead when he entered the room and the police were called. The subsequent autopsy found a fatal amount of sedatives in her system, and her death was ruled probable suicide.

Over the years there have been a number of conspiracy theories about her death, and most of this focus is around love affairs she was alleged to have with both John and Robert Kennedy. The theorists claim that the Kennedy family had something to do with her death because they feared she would make their love affairs public, along with other "government secrets" she was gathering. Robert Kennedy, then Attorney General in his older brother John’s cabinet, was in Los Angeles on August 4, 1962, and the Attorney General was alleged to have visited Marilyn on the night of her death. The conspiracy theorists claim that he quarreled with her, but the credibility of these and other claims is questionable.

So besides numerous retrospectives, photos, conspiracies, FBI files and speculation, what are we left with? That can be debated from a number of points, but the some of the lyrics from a song Marilyn sung in Gentlemen Prefer Blondes, "Diamonds Are A Girl’s Best Friend" may give us the answer.

Time rolls on and youth is gone
and you can't straighten up when you bend
but stiff back or stiff knees
you stand straight at Tiffany's
but Diamonds, Are A Girl's Best Friends

According to Advertising Age, the #1 advertising slogan of the century is "Diamonds are forever", which has been used by DeBeers since 1948. If that’s true, then Marilyn Monroe has left us with diamonds with all the films, music and books that survive her.

Forty-four years after her death, Marilyn Monroe still remains a major cultural symbol. The unknown details of her final performance only add to her mystique.

Our is .

Giving-Credit-Where-It’s-Due Department: This piece was actually inspired in a roundabout way by an article written by my friend Amit Agarwal in Digital Inspiration, entitled No Diamonds please, Girls prefer Plasma TV, to which I responded with suitable comments.

Additional Material

YouTube: Candle In the Wind by Elton John
YouTube: Beautiful - a tribute to Marilyn Monroe
Amazon.com:
Marilyn Monroe DVDs

Marilyn Monroe - Photo Hosted at Buzznet

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8/01/2006

Happy 25th Birthday, MTV!

MTV is now 25 years old - how time flies!

It seems like such a short few years back that we saw the likesPhoto Hosted at Buzznet of Nina Blackwood, Mark Goodman, Martha Quinn, Alan Hunter and (the late) J.J. Jackson introducing the latest video hits. There's an interesting article on where they are now on The Orlando Sentinel's blog.

For those who don't know, MTV is the abbreviation for Music Television. The network was founded on August 1, 1981 as an operation of MTV Networks, with investments from such companies as Warner Communications and American Express. This cable television network was originally devoted to music videos, especially mainstream rock music. As it evolved, it became an outlet for a variety of different material aimed at adolescents and young adults.

MTV became available in most of the United States in the mid-1980s with the nationwide expansion of cable. The young network produced its first MTV Video Music Awards show in 1984. Since 1985, MTV has been owned by Viacom. The corporation has grown in its first 25 years, and today owns more than 50 channels in 28 languages and 168 countries.

The first music video shown on MTV was "Video Killed the Radio Star" by The Buggles from their album The Age of Plastic.Photo Hosted at Buzznet It was a good tongue-in-cheek start off, but if anything, video actually helped the radio listeners. You can view that historic video right here on YouTube. Wikipedia has an authoritative list of all the videos played on their first day, and it's interesting to see which stars are still with us today.

Six years later, MTV used similar humor when they launched MTV Europe on August 1, 1987.Photo Hosted at Buzznet The first video shown on MTV Europe was "Money for Nothing", by Dire Straits, from their international hit album Brothers in Arms. This song was about rock star excess and the easy life it brings compared with real work, and was supposedly inspired when lead singer Mark Knopfler apparently overheard delivery men in a New York department store complain about their jobs while watching MTV. He is said to have written the song in the store sitting at a kitchen display they had set up. Many of the lyrics were things they actually said. The groundbreaking computer-animated characters in the video were a key part of the video.

It starts with the memorable repetition of the line "I want my MTV" voiced by Sting. Dire Straits recorded this in Montserrat, and Sting was on vacation there and came by to help out. Knopfler and Sting wrote the lyrics, though Sting did not want a songwriting credit for this. It was only in later releases that his name appeared in the credits.

"Money for Nothing" won Best Video at the 1986 MTV Video Music Awards.


Brothers in Arms was the first album to sell one million copies in the CD format, spending nine weeks at the top of the American charts. Since then it has sold over 25 million copies worldwide. The album remains on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time.

MTV's early format was modeled after Top 40 radio. Upbeat young men and women were hired to host the show and to introduce the videos. The term VJ (video jockey) was coined, a play on the term DJ (disc jockey), and many of the VJs eventually became celebrities in their own right.

Some of the early music videos in the '80s were crude promotional or concert clips from whatever sources could be found, but as MTV's popularity grew, record companies began to create increasingly sophisticated clips specifically for the network. It bears mentioning that some prominent film directors got their start creating music videos.

Some of the top video hits that MTV featured in 1981 were:

  • Fleetwood Mac "Tusk"
  • U2: "I Will Follow"
  • Andrew Gold: "Thank You for Being a Friend"
  • Devo: "Whip It"
  • Rod Stewart: "Tonight's the Night"
  • Pat Benatar: "You Better Run"
  • Phil Collins & Genesis: "No Reply at All"
If you want to see these and a lot more from their video vaults, just visit MTV's Broadband Overdrive site, then look for MTV Yearbook 1981. Also check out MTV's First Hour, where you'll find a feature entitled "Meet the VJs," featuring intros by Alan Hunter, Martha Quinn, J.J. Jackson and Mark Goodman, from that first day of broadcasting. They also have a special feature called A.D.D. Videos: 25 Years of MTV which is worth exploring if you want to go on a real rock music nostalgia trip. [Note: all of the MTV sites mentioned in this paragraph will probably require a broadband connection.]

A good number of rock stars of the '80s and '90s became household names because of MTV. Think of Duran Duran, The Clash, Madonna, Elton John and Bon Jovi and it's hard to not think of MTV. These days, Kid Rock and Pamela Anderson make extra time for MTV, and Madonna is still heavily dependent on the network to promote her music and tours.

So rock on, MTV, and let's hope that your next 25 will be as exciting and innovative as the first!

Update: I was advised by a friend that if I was going to mention The Clash, that I better not forget their 1982 hit "Rock the Casbah" (YouTube video here), which was heavily featured by MTV. It reached #8 on the Billboard Hot 100.
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